Compliance with 1910.217(h)(5)(iii) and (h)(9)(v). 1910.26 Dockboards. (12) The knife blade of jointers shall be so installed and adjusted that it does not protrude more than one-eighth inch beyond the cylindrical body of the head. A validation organization may not terminate its installation certification and recertification validation functions earlier than either one year from the date of the written notice, or the date on which another recognized validation organization is able to perform the validation of installation certification and recertification. Appendices to Subpart L of Part 1910Note While the brake monitor setting is based on the stopping time it actually measures, i.e., the normal stopping time at the top of the stroke, it is important that the safety distance be computed from the longest stopping time measured at any of the indicated three downstroke stopping positions listed in the explanation of Ts. Materials should be placed on the conveyor so that they will ride safely. A test report shall be prepared for each PSDI safety system that is tested. 1910.501 [Reserved] Where the work is applied to the wheel above the horizontal centerline, the exposure of the grinding wheel periphery shall be as small as possible and shall not exceed 60. (13) Control reliability. Expanded metal, perforated or solid sheet metal, wire mesh on a frame of angle iron, or iron pipe securely fastened to floor or to frame of machine. (i) Overhead horizontal belts, with lower parts seven (7) feet or less from the floor or platform, shall be guarded on sides and bottom in accordance with paragraph (o)(3) of this section. (50) Single stroke mechanism means an arrangement used on a full revolution clutch to limit the travel of the slide to one complete stroke at each engagement of the clutch. (1) Each machine shall be so constructed as to be free from sensible vibration when the largest size tool is mounted and run idle at full speed. Guards for horizontal overhead rope and chain drives. The test report shall include the following: a. The PSDI set-up/reset means required by paragraph (h)(6)(iv) may be initiated by the actuation of a special momentary pushbutton or by the actuation of a special momentary pushbutton and the initiation of a first stroke with two hand controls. If you have comments or suggestions on how to improve the www.ecfr.gov website or have questions about using www.ecfr.gov, please choose the 'Website Feedback' button below. Nor would it be necessary to repeat these tests in the case of modifications where determined by the manufacturer and validated by the third-party validation organization to be equivalent by similarity analysis. 8. 1910.1003 13 Carcinogens (4-Nitrobiphenyl, etc.). Title 29 was last amended 2/24/2023. The employer shall establish and follow an inspection program having a general component and a directed component. [39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, as amended at 49 FR 5323, Feb. 10, 1984; 61 FR 9240, Mar. Machines designed for a fixed location shall be securely anchored to prevent walking or moving. Fast and consistent stopping times are important to safety for the PSDI mode of operation. Gears shall be guarded in accordance with one of the following methods: Hand-operated gears. (ii) Belt shifter and clutch handles shall be rounded and be located as far as possible from danger of accidental contact, but within easy reach of the operator. c. The applicant shall provide information demonstrating that it and any validating laboratory utilized meet the program requirements set forth in section III of this appendix. 2. Appendix A to Subpart S of Part 1910 References for Further Information. c. Function completion means for, electrical, electromechanical and electronic devices, when the circuit produces a change of state in the output element of the device. 4. Grinding wheels shall fit freely on the spindle and remain free under all grinding conditions. Guards. 1910.110 Storage and handling of liquefied petroleum gases. (b) The device may not be used as a tripping means to initiate slide motion, except when used in total conformance with paragraph (h) of this section. (c) If belt is eight (8) inches or more in width. (4) Where an exhaust system is used, the guard shall form part or all of the exhaust hood and shall be constructed of metal of a thickness not less than that specified in subparagraph (3) of this paragraph. The timer shall be manually adjustable, to a maximum time of 30 seconds. (See Figure O-24-A.). Blanking of the sensing field is not permitted. 1910.157 Portable fire extinguishers. Grade V60-30. (2) At the rear ends of frames over which feed conveyors run, sprockets and chains shall be guarded at the sides by plates projecting beyond the periphery of sprockets and the ends of lugs. (c) The control system shall incorporate an antirepeat feature. (ii) The spindle end, nut, and outer flange may be exposed on machines designed as portable saws. (2) Engine rooms. Where guard is exposed to contact with moving equipment additional strength may be necessary. Such cross-referencing of specific requirements from paragraphs (a) through (g) of this section is intended only to enhance convenience and understanding in relating to the new provisions to the existing standard, and is not to be construed as limiting the applicability of other provisions in paragraphs (a) through (g) of this section. The certification/validation process shall verify that the safety system complies with the OSHA safety requirements as follows: 1. 1/1.1 Revolving drums, barrels, and containers shall be guarded by an enclosure which is interlocked with the drive mechanism, so that the barrel, drum, or container cannot revolve unless the guard enclosure is in place. (ix) Barriers shall be fixed to the press frame or bolster to prevent personnel from passing completely through the sensing field, where safety distance or press configuration is such that personnel could pass through the PSDI presence sensing field and assume a position where the point of operation could be accessed without detection by the PSDI presence sensing device. The emphasis is on an integrated total system including all elements affecting point of operation safety. If the validation organization has been recognized for more than one year, meets the requirements for expansion of recognition, and there is no evidence that the recognized validation organization has not been following the requirements of this appendix and the letter of recognition, an expansion will normally be granted. After installation of point of operation guards and before a job is released for operation a check should be made to verify that the guard will prevent the operator's hands from reaching the point of operation. (2) Hand-operated gears. This is where OSHA comes into the picture. For saws with tilting tables or tilting arbors the fence shall be so constructed that it will remain in a line parallel with the saw, regardless of the angle of the saw with the table. 3. b. (ii) flat belts two (2) inches or less in width which are free from metal lacings or fasteners, (iii) round belts one-half (12) inch or less in diameter; and. 1910.11 Scope and purpose. tensile strength 20,000 p.s.i.) Equip.) 1910.251 Definitions. (xvi) The control system shall permit only a single stroke per initiation command. Reaction time means the time, in seconds, it takes the signal, required to activate/deactivate the system, to travel through the system, measured from the time of signal initiation to the time the function being measured is completed. When dies are being changed, maintenance performed, or any work done on the machine, the power to the upsetter shall be locked out, and the flywheel shall be at rest. (52) Stop control means an operator control designed to immediately deactivate the clutch control and activate the brake to stop slide motion. Bolts, nuts, and setscrews will, however, be permitted where they are covered with safety sleeves or where they are used parallel with the shafting and are countersunk or else do not extend beyond the flange of the coupling. The upper hood shall be constructed in such a manner and of such material that it will protect the operator from flying splinters, broken saw teeth, etc., and will deflect sawdust away from the operator. The manufacturer shall submit to the validation organization the technical analysis such as Hazard Analysis, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, Stress Analysis, Component and Material Selection Analysis, Fluid Compatability, and/or other analyses which may be necessary to demonstrate, compliance with the following requirements: Sections 1910.217(h)(8) (i) and (ii); (h)(2) (ii) and (iii); (h)(3)(i) (A) and (C), and (ii); (h)(5) (i), (ii) and (iii); (h)(6) (i), (iii), (iv), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), and (xvii); (h)(7) (i) and (ii); (h)(9) (iv), (v), (viii), (ix) and (x); (h)(10) (i) and (ii). You can learn more about the process (iii) If the cone is located less than 3 feet from the floor or working platform, the cone pulley and belt shall be guarded to a height of 3 feet regardless of whether the belt is endless or laced with rawhide. (i) Under the general component of the inspection program, the employer shall: (A) Conduct periodic and regular inspections of each power press to ensure that all of its parts, auxiliary equipment, and safeguards, including the clutch/brake mechanism, antirepeat feature, and single-stroke mechanism, are in a safe operating condition and adjustment; (B) Perform and complete necessary maintenance or repair, or both, before operating the press; and. (h) Modified types 6 and 11 wheels (terrazzo). (ii) The safety system shall be designed, constructed, and arranged as an integral total system, including all elements of the press, the controls, the safeguarding and any required supplemental safeguarding, and their interfaces with the operator and that part of the environment which has effect on the protection against point of operation hazards. Unless a 6-foot 6-inch headroom clearance is provided, employees shall not be permitted to pass under conveyors. (6) Multiple wheel mounting. In all other industries, wood guards shall not be used. These guards shall cover at least the unused part of the periphery of the cutting head. If the frame of the belt shifter does not adequately guard the nip point of the belt and pulley, the nip point shall be further protected by means of a vertical guard placed in front of the pulley and extending at least to the top of the largest step of the cone. The procedures shall be based on pertinent OSHA standards and test methods, or other publicly available standards and test methods generally recognized as appropriate in the field, such as national consensus standards or published standards of professional societies or trade associations. In engine rooms a guardrail, preferably with toeboard, may be used instead of the guard required by paragraph (k)(1) of this section, provided such a room is occupied only by engine room attendants. (iii) A presence sensing point of operation device shall protect the operator as provided in paragraph (c)(3)(i)(a) of this section, and shall be interlocked into the control circuit to prevent or stop slide motion if the operator's hand or other part of his body is within the sensing field of the device during the downstroke of the press slide. (See Figures O-14 and O-15. (ii) Where speeds above 250 feet per minute as measured on the surface of the drive roll are used, stopping distances of more than 134 percent are permissible. Showing movable guard with size of opening correct for full size wheel but too large for smaller wheels. Shaft couplings shall be so constructed as to present no hazard from bolts, nuts, setscrews, or revolving surfaces. (iii) All mechanical power press controls shall incorporate a type of drive motor starter that will disconnect the drive motor from the power source in event of control voltage or power source failure, and require operation of the motor start button to restart the motor when voltage conditions are restored to normal. The hazard created by a guide post (when it is located in the immediate vicinity of the operator) when separated from its bushing by more than one-fourth inch shall be considered as a point of operation hazard and be protected in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section. This diagram shows the accepted safe openings between the bottom edge of a guard and feed table at various distances from the danger line (point of operation). As an alternative, supplemental presence sensing devices used only in the safeguard mode may be provided. (12) Guard design specifications. The following Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) laws and regulations are most commonly applied to industrial machinery: OSHA 29 CFR 1910 General Industry Regulations OSHA 29 CFR 1910.211 Definitions OSHA 29 CFR 1910.212 General Requirements for Guarding All Machines OSHA 29 CFR 1910.213 Woodworking Machinery Requirements Overhead horizontal belts, with lower parts seven (7) feet or less from the floor or platform, shall be guarded on sides and bottom in accordance with paragraph (o)(3) of this section. The validation organization and the validating laboratory shall be adequately staffed by personnel who are qualified by technical training and/or experience to conduct the validation of the certification of PSDI safety systems. Work rests shall be kept adjusted closely to the wheel with a maximum opening of one-eighth inch to prevent the work from being jammed between the wheel and the rest, which may cause wheel breakage. Full stop or No movement of the slide or ram means when the crankshaft rotation has slowed to two or less revolutions per minute, just before stopping completely. (9) Prime movers include steam, gas, oil, and air engines, motors, steam and hydraulic turbines, and other equipment used as a source of power. If such a guard is constructed of sheet metal, the material used shall be not less than one-sixteenth inch in thickness; and if cast iron is used, it shall not be less than three-sixteenths inch in thickness. Nonmandatory supplementary information and guidelines relating to certification/validation of the PSDI safety system are provided to appendix B to this standard. (3) Guarding vertical and inclined shafting. The adjustment shall be done under the supervision of an authorized person whose qualifications include knowledge of safety distance requirements and experience with the brake system and its adjustment. Friction brakes provided for stopping or holding a slide movement shall be inherently self-engaging by requiring power or force from an external source to cause disengagement. (2) Each drum sanding machine shall have an exhaust hood, or other guard if no exhaust system is required, so arranged as to enclose the revolving drum, except for that portion of the drum above the table, if a table is used, which may be necessary and convenient for the application of the material to be finished. Allow OSHA to conduct unscheduled reviews or on-site audits of it or the validating laboratories on matters relevant to PSDI, and cooperate in the conduct of these reviews and audits; 2. (7) Lubrication. Subpart PHand and Portable Powered Tools and Other Hand-Held Equipment. 1910.134 Respiratory protection. The guard shall effectively keep the operator's hand from coming in contact with the revolving knives. (2) Cranks and connecting rods. Subpart EExit Routes and Emergency Planning, 1910.33 Table of contents. The guard for the portion of the blade between the sliding guide and the upper-saw-wheel guard shall protect the saw blade at the front and outer side. Where the upper and lower runs of horizontal belts are so located that passage of persons between them would be possible, the passage shall be either: Completely barred by a guardrail or other barrier in accordance with paragraphs (m) and (o) of this section; or. After hearing. (iii) The brake monitor setting shall allow an increase of no more than 10 percent of the longest stopping time for the press, or 10 milliseconds, whichever is longer, measured at the top of the stroke. (66) Certification/validation and certify/validate means the combined process of certification and validation. (1) Inspection. C. Analyses may be used for certification/validation when existing data are available or when test is not feasible. (n) Planing, molding, sticking, and matching machines. (8) Surface feet per minute (s.f.p.m.) PART 1910 - OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS Source: 39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, unless otherwise noted. The regulations listed in OSHA 1910.145 cover a variety of aspects of signs and tags. ), (7) Automatic snagging machines. "Safety Standard for Conveyors and Related Equipment" was the ANSI standard in effect at the time the 1910 Standards were promulgated. (ii) The relevant requirements of paragraphs (a) through (g) of this section also shall apply to all presses used in the PSDI mode of operation, whether or not cross referenced in this paragraph (h). 1910.106 Flammable liquids. The vertical clearance in passageways between the floor and power transmission beams, ceiling, or any other objects, is not less than five feet six inches (5 ft. 6 in.). ), (9) Exposure adjustment. Bandsaw wheels shall be fully encased. 1910.102 Acetylene. 2. A separate pushbutton shall be employed to activate the clutch, and the clutch shall be activated only if the driver motor is deenergized. However, the guarding of these gears is highly recommended. The guard shall be constructed of heavy material, preferably metal, and the bottom of the guard shall come down to within three-eighths inch of the plane formed by the bottom or working surfaces of the feed rolls. (i) Machines using full revolution clutches shall incorporate a single-stroke mechanism. If the increase in press stopping time exceeds the brake monitor setting limit defined in paragraph (h)(5)(iii), the test shall be considered unsuccessful, and the cause of the excessive stopping time shall be investigated. (c) A separate pull-out device shall be provided for each operator if more than one operator is used on a press. (3) The top of the cutting chain and driving mechanism shall be enclosed. 1910.211 Definitions. 653, 655, 657; Secretary of Labor's Order No. (xiv) The clutch/brake control shall automatically deactivate in event of failure of the counterbalance(s) air supply. 2. (10) Bolt-headers mean the same as an upsetter or forging machine except that the diameter of stock fed into the machine is much smaller, i.e., commonly three-fourths inch or less. (e) Trip and emergency switches. (1) Billet shears. Consistency of braking action is enhanced by high brake torque. Engine rooms. 1. 1910.269 Electric power generation, transmission, and distribution. Tail rods or extension piston rods shall be guarded in accordance with paragraphs (m) and (o) of this section, or by a guardrail on sides and end, with a clearance of not less than fifteen (15) nor more than twenty (20) inches when rod is fully extended. (15) Organic wheels means wheels which are bonded by means of an organic material such as resin, rubber, shellac, or other similar bonding agent. 12. a. The route followed by the oiler is protected in such manner as to prevent accident. (10) Counterbalance means the mechanism that is used to balance or support the weight of the connecting rods, slide, and slide attachments. This subparagraph does not apply to keys or setscrews within gear or sprocket casings or other enclosures, nor to keys, setscrews, or oilcups in hubs of pulleys less than twenty (20) inches in diameter where they are within the plane of the rim of the pulley. 1910.101 Compressed gases (general requirements). (e) Cylinders, cup, or segmental wheels that are mounted in chucks. (54) Stroking selector means the part of the clutch/brake control that determines the type of stroking when the operating means is actuated. Suitable reinforcement shall be provided for the ceiling rafters or overhead floor beams, where such is necessary, to sustain safely the weight and stress likely to be imposed by the guard. When refacing or truing, care shall be exercised to make sure that proper relief and rigidity is maintained as specified in paragraphs (c) (2) and (5) of this section and they shall be replaced when they do not conform to these subparagraphs and Table O-4, Figure O-30, Table O-5, Figure O-31, Table O-6, Figure O-32, and Table O-8, Figure O-35. (ix) The control design shall preclude any movement of the slide caused by operation of power on, power off, or selector switches, or from checks for proper operations as required by paragraph (h)(6)(xiv) of this section. The third-party validation organization shall validate the employer's certifications that the PSDI safety system is design certified and validated, that the installation meets the installation and environmental requirements specified by the manufacturer, and that the installation meets the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.217 (a) through (h) and this appendix A. (B) Guards used as supplemental safeguarding shall conform to the design, construction and application requirements of paragraph (c)(2) of this section, and shall be interlocked with the press control to prevent press PSDI operation if the guard fails, is removed, or is out of position. (i) All calenders, irrespective of size of the rolls or their configuration, shall be stopped within a distance, as measured in inches of surface travel, not greater than 134 percent of the peripheral no-load surface speeds of the respective calender rolls as determined in feet per minute. Have unit wired by qualified electrician. (xv) The control system shall have provisions for an inch operating means meeting the requirements of paragraph (b)(7)(iv) of this section. (f) It shall offer maximum visibility of the point of operation consistent with the other requirements. (iii) Type of clutch used on the press (full revolution, part revolution, or direct drive). Compliance with 1910.217(h)(7). [39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, as amended at 39 FR 41846, Dec. 3, 1974; 53 FR 8353, Mar. (iv) All overhead parts shall be fastened or protected in such a manner that they will not fly off or fall in event of failure. (7) Die fastening. The current OSHA standard for safe distance as a function of opening size is set forth in Table O-10 of OSHA 29 CFR 1910.217 - Mechanical Power Presses. By a band guard covering the face of gear and having flanges extended inward beyond the root of the teeth on the exposed side or sides. (B) The safety distance shall be checked for compliance with (h)(9)(v) of this section. If unitized tooling is used, the opening between the top of the punch holder and the face of the slide, or striking pad, shall be safeguarded in accordance with the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section. Where loose pulleys or idlers are not practicable, belt perches in form of brackets, rollers, etc., shall be used to keep idle belts away from the shafts. (ii) The point of operation of machines whose operation exposes an employee to injury, shall be guarded. A copy of the certification/validation report shall be maintained on file at the validation organization and/or validating laboratory, and shall be available to the public upon request. ), (8) Top grinding. This exposure shall begin at a point not more than 65 above the horizontal plane of the wheel spindle. (4) This section covers the principal features with which power transmission safeguards shall comply. (b) Being a single control protected against accidental actuation and so located that the worker cannot reach into the point of operation while operating the single control. 1 The recommendations listed in the above table are guides for the conditions stated. "Published Edition". 1910.36 Design and construction requirements for exit routes. 1910.24 Step bolts and manhole steps. (4) Reconstruction and modification. 1 Flanges shall be of steel, quality SAE 1040 or equivalent, annealed plate, heat treated to R. 25-30. (15) Pull-out device means a mechanism attached to the operator's hands and connected to the upper die or slide of the press, that is designed, when properly adjusted, to withdraw the operator's hands as the dies close, if the operator's hands are inadvertently within the point of operation. Higher voltages that may be necessary for operation of machine or control mechanisms shall be isolated from any control mechanism handled by the operator, but motor starters with integral Start-Stop buttons may utilize line voltage control. (k) Guarding of clutches, cutoff couplings, and clutch pulleys -. All sprocket wheels and chains shall be enclosed unless they are more than seven (7) feet above the floor or platform. The mark or logo shall be suitable for incorporation into the label required by paragraph (h)(11)(iii) of this section. Guards for horizontal overhead belts shall run the entire length of the belt and follow the line of the pulley to the ceiling or be carried to the nearest wall, thus enclosing the belt effectively. (3) Steam hammers mean a type of drop hammer where the ram is raised for each stroke by a double-action steam cylinder and the energy delivered to the workpiece is supplied by the velocity and weight of the ram and attached upper die driven downward by steam pressure. If the conveyor runs at head height or carries material hung from hooks, workers in the area should remain alert to possible danger and measures should be taken to prevent workers from being accidentally struck by moving material. (1) Dull, badly set, improperly filed, or improperly tensioned saws shall be immediately removed from service, before they begin to cause the material to stick, jam, or kick back when it is fed to the saw at normal speed. 7, 1996]. No changes found for this content after 1/03/2017. (1) Each hand-fed planer and jointer with horizontal head shall be equipped with a cylindrical cutting head, the knife projection of which shall not exceed one-eighth inch beyond the cylindrical body of the head. (1) General requirements. If the validation organization and the validating laboratory are the same organization, the administrative and technical responsibilities may be combined in a single position, with minimum requirements as described in E.1. 1910.37 Maintenance, safeguards, and operational features for exit routes. c. The manufacturer shall specify the test requirements and procedures from existing consensus tests in compliance with the provisions of the National Electrical Code. All trip and emergency switches shall not be of the automatically resetting type, but shall require manual resetting. 1910.21 Scope and definitions. The spreader shall be slightly thinner than the saw kerf and slightly thicker than the saw disk. (i) Presses with flexible steel band brakes or with mechanical linkage actuated brakes or clutches shall not be used in the PSDI mode. The results shall document the conditions under which the brake and/or clutch will and will not comply with the requirement. This section covers the principal features with which power transmission safeguards shall comply. a. This exposure shall begin at a point not more than 65 above the horizontal plane of the wheel spindle. Limitation: Hole dimension (H) should not be greater than two-thirds of wheel diameter dimension (D) for precision, cylindrical, centerless, or surface grinding applications. (3) Each tenoning machine shall have all cutting heads, and saws if used, covered by metal guards. (g) Reports of injuries to employees operating mechanical power presses. Push sticks or push blocks shall be provided at the work place in the several sizes and types suitable for the work to be done. (ii) The vertical clearance in passageways between the floor and power transmission beams, ceiling, or any other objects, is not less than five feet six inches (5 ft. 6 in.). 1910.12 Construction work. For full revolution clutch presses with only one engaging point Tm is equal to the time necessary for one and one-half revolutions of the crankshaft. 2. Belts which of necessity must be shifted by hand and belts within seven (7) feet of the floor or working platform which are not guarded in accordance with this section shall not be fastened with metal in any case, nor with any other fastening which by construction or wear will constitute an accident hazard.